Population increasingly suffers from sleep disorders

According to studies by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), more than 70% of Brazilians face difficulties sleeping. A survey published in 2022 in the journal 'Sleep Science' revealed that these difficulties include initiating or maintaining sleep, as well as early awakenings. The results showed that 70% of participants experienced sleep problems three or more times a week.

After the pandemic, there was a significant increase in the use of sleeping medications in the country, with Zolpidem being one of the most popular. However, self-medication with this drug can lead to dependence. It has been shown that conditions such as insomnia, sleep apnea, snoring, and frequent early awakenings can contribute to the development of anxiety and depression, so much so that Anvisa will increase control over the purchase of this medication starting in August.

According to sleep medicine specialist Dr. Jessica Polese, sleep is closely linked to the preservation of mental health. "A good night's sleep, with adequate quality and duration, preserves human mental health," says the doctor.

"Moreover, sleep disorders can increase vulnerability to viral infections, oxidative/antioxidant inflammatory imbalances, and chronic metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, such as diabetes and obesity," explains the doctor.

She emphasizes that during sleep, the brain strengthens positive emotions and weakens negative ones, and that psychiatric and sleep problems directly affect well-being and productivity, resulting in significant individual and collective losses.

To combat these issues and promote good mental health, it is crucial to maintain proper sleep hygiene. This includes following a regular sleep routine, avoiding screen use (computer, television, cell phone, tablet) close to bedtime, trying to relax, reading a book, drinking tea, and disconnecting to initiate sleep. "Paying attention to your daily life, following a healthy diet, and exercising are also actions that reflect in a good night's sleep," highlights the specialist. Another point that Jessica warns about is the need to raise awareness among the population about the importance of seeking professional help to mitigate suffering and illness related to sleep disorders.