Pulmonologist warns about excessive heat

The high temperatures that have been occurring in the country have caused great concern among the population and among doctors.

With temperatures exceeding 40 degrees, what happens to the body, and what precautions should be taken? In addition to the usual advice to drink water, use sunscreen, and avoid excessive sun exposure, what else can be done?

According to pulmonologist and Sleep Medicine Specialist, Jessica Polese, the increase in global temperatures and associated heat waves have raised important concerns among health professionals. “We are worried about the possible emergence of new diseases associated with heat waves, and this is not limited to the immediate effects of extreme heat, but also includes long-term consequences for public health,” explains the doctor.

We can have extreme heat strokes, acute respiratory diseases, heat stress, etc.

Among the alerts, the concern is more inherent to children and the elderly. “These are the individuals who need the most attention, who cannot be exposed to excessively hot environments,” says Jessica.

Classic heat stroke can occur in cases of extreme heat, such as those we are experiencing with temperatures above 40 degrees. “People with classic heat stroke sweat little or not at all and present the following respiratory signs and symptoms: tachypnea (increased respiratory rate), increased minute volume, and respiratory alkalosis (occurs when the respiratory system eliminates CO2 more quickly than it is produced). In severe cases, classic heat stroke can trigger pulmonary edema, pulmonary infarction, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),” points out the doctor. Jessica also reports that exertional heat stroke can occur:

“Exertional or exercise-induced heat stroke occurs in people who have engaged in intense physical activities in a very hot environment. People with exertional heat stroke sweat profusely (sweating) and present symptoms that can progress to severe cases. “The main diagnostic criteria for heat stroke are a rectal temperature of 40º C or higher and signs of neurological impairment (such as confusion or decreased sensorium),” explains the doctor.